What is the major function of manganese in the body?

Manganese plays a crucial role in the body primarily as a cofactor for various enzymes. Cofactors are non-protein chemical compounds that are required for the biological activity of certain proteins, particularly enzymes. Manganese is involved in several essential enzyme systems, including those that participate in antioxidant defenses, carbohydrate metabolism, and bone formation.

For instance, it is a vital component of manganese superoxide dismutase, an enzyme that helps protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. Additionally, it assists in the metabolism of amino acids, cholesterol, glucose, and carbohydrates, highlighting its fundamental role in supporting enzymatic reactions throughout the body.

While manganese has roles in supporting other biological functions, such as DNA synthesis and bone health, its primary identity and major function would be recognized as acting as a cofactor, signifying the importance of this mineral in catalyzing various physiological processes.